In the review sections of perfume websites, the most common complaints many people have about perfumes brands they have just purchased are how the fragrance fades off so quickly, how poor the sillage and longevity are, and how fast the base notes die out.
This becomes a serious problem as most people wear perfumes with the hope that it would keep them refreshed and last all day. And so it becomes disappointing when the said perfume brand does not live up to expectation.
Most importantly, this problem is often not solved by drowning your body in the perfume, especially in a way that it becomes overwhelming and uncomfortable to the wearer and people they come in contact with.
The question then becomes-how long is a standard perfume fragrance supposed to last? How long a fragrance lasts depends on the individual features of the notes and their intensity. For the base notes it is estimated that they last six to seven hours, while the middle notes are expected to stay active for four to five hours.
In addition, the top notes are transitory and are supposed to last 20 to 25 minutes once the perfume is applied. In total, a typical fragrance is reckoned to last 7 to 8 hours after being spritzed. When most people apply perfumes they assume it will cling to their skin and merge with the skin chemical composition, but this mostly never happens as hoped due to the fact that skin type plays a crucial role in either making a fragrance last longer or not.
For people with oil skins, fragrance tend to stay longer on their skins than people with dry and semi-moist skins. There are other factors like the strength and intensity of the fragrance, the perfume structure, atmospheric condition, and other factors that will be discussed in detail below.
How and where it is applied – the mode of application and the place the perfume is applied both have a role to play in how long the fragrance lasts. For example, it is an uncommon fact that perfume fragrances last longer when sprayed on clothes than on the skin.
For this, you can spray the perfume on places like the collar, inner cuff, cloth lining, scarf or cap, front pocket, and undergarments. Furthermore, natural fabrics like linen, silk, cotton, and the rest are known to absorb fragrances well and increase their longevity.
Also, the trick does not lie in how much perfume you apply but on where you apply them. Strategic pulse points like behind the earlobes, inside the wrists, the neck base close to the collarbone, inside the elbows, and behind the knees are historically known to absorb scents due to their natural temperature and the fact that they produce body heat, and these things help to ensure that your fragrance lasts long enough.
However, it is advised that you do not rub these body parts against another body part immediately after applying the perfume. This friction only succeeds in killing off the molecules contained in the fragrance notes instead of making them last longer. Just a small dab is enough.
Furthermore, spraying perfumes on the hair is a bad decision that should be avoided always as perfumes contain alcohol and other chemicals that can damage the hair or upset its chemical balance.
Perfume type – depending on perfume classification, some fragrance variants are known to last longer than others due to their level of fragrance concentration and value, especially as related to the perfume ingredients they contain such as alcohol and essential oils.
The optimum concentration (or lower concentration) of these substances either contribute or reduce the general strength and intensity of the fragrance, all of which are directly linked to the lifespan of the notes.
Therefore, perfumes are generally classified into four types and they include (in no significant order): eau de cologne, eau de parfum, eau de toilette, and parfum. On sillage and fragrance duration, parfum lasts longest, closely followed by eau de parfum, then eau de toilette, with eau de cologne occupying the bottom spot.
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Eau de cologne – eau de cologne goes back as far back as the days of using alcohol and distilled water as main ingredients in fragrances, and is not necessarily a man’s perfume as many romance novels would let most people believe.
This fragrance composition has the lowest concentration of fragrance essence (with just 2 to 4 %) out of all the other fragrance types, while distilled water and alcohol makes up the bulk of what constitutes it.
These features makes it very affordable and less likely to stay on for long hours after being applied. EDC or eau de cologne comes in bigger bottle sizes and often need to be spritz more in order to be effective. Eau de cologne fragrances are known to last between 2 to 3 hours and often contain floral and citrus base notes.
Eau de parfum – eau de parfum comes immediately after parfum when judging based on fragrance concentration, fragrance value, and overall longevity. It sells at a slightly lower price that the parfum and is an alternative for people who would rather not settle for the intense and powerful scent of the parfum. It has a higher alcohol percentage that parfum and is known to last between 7 to 8 hours. With 15 to 20% of essential oils in its composition, it is ideal for sensitive skin and suits night time social events.
Eau de toilette – eau de toilette comes after eau de parfum, with a fragrance composition of 5 to 15% that features more alcohol than essential oils. It is a popular fragrance choice and is very affordable (at least when compared to eau de parfum and parfum).
Eau de toilette scents generally last 4 to 5 hours depending on mode of application. With more intense top notes it becomes the perfect fragrance for summer and daytime outdoor events.
To achieve all day freshness it might be required to spray multiple times in a day due to its fast fading notes. However, it serves as the ideal introductory fragrance for new perfume users to start with.
Parfum – also known as pure perfume, parfum ranks top in the classification of perfumes and often has the tag of being the most expensive. Also, it gives the best fragrant value seeing that it is the most concentrated fragrances out of all the variants.
Its depth and scent strength is attributed to the high percentage of essential or perfume oils it contains. The popularity of this fragrance class is because of its longevity (lasts 9 to 12 hours all thanks to its blend of fragrance notes) and the low alcohol percentage it contains.
In addition, parfum is especially good on sensitive and dry skins due to the reduced level of alcohol it contains. Even though expensive, the high fragrance quality and dense nature ensures that even a tiny drop stays as relevant as needed. It is the perfect fragrance for work and play scenarios.
There are other perfume variants such as aftershave, eau de fraiche, and fragrance mists, all of which have lower essential oil concentration and fragrance value than these known fragrance types.
Skin condition/type – because most people spray perfumes directly on their skin, the condition of the skin can also be a contributing factor to why fragrance notes fade out faster than expected. This is mainly because how long a fragrance lasts on your skin has a lot to do with the skin care practices you engage in. So it is advised you properly moisturize your skin first before wearing your perfume, especially if you have a sensitive or dry skin.
To be more detailed, dry skins lack oil and so makes it difficult for the skin to absorb the essential oils contained in the fragrance. And when these oils are not absorbed they readily dry off making the fragrance notes vanish.
Other solutions will be to attempt a ‘scent layering’ which entails purchasing other skin care products that belong to the same product line as your perfume, and to apply Vaseline on these strategic pulse points that you wear perfume.
On the other hand, skin condition also includes the wearer’s skin chemistry. Typically, every skin gives off a hormone-like substance known as pheromones or natural sex scent that every fragrance is supposed to compatible with. When this fragrance harmony doesn’t happen it might make a perfume’s fragrance fade sooner than expected. In addition, excess sweating can also affect a perfume’s longevity
The notes it contains – since notes are the building blocks of fragrance, it is understandable to say that some fragrance notes last longer than others and this has an overall effect on the longevity of a perfume fragrance. Every fragrance blend is made up of three notes and they include-base notes, middle or heart notes, and top notes.
Each fragrance notes contains molecules which directly influence how a note gives strength to other notes or how long it lasts. Each note is distinctive not only because of what it comprises but also because of how long the note stays alive. The top note has the shortest longevity, followed by the middle and base notes.
The middle notes work to heighten the impact of the base notes, while the base notes are what constitute the popular fragrance “trail scent”. Not only this, base notes also help to increase the longevity of a fragrance by sustaining the top and middle notes. This means that the more intense and concentrated the base notes are, the longer the fragrance lasts.
In addition, fragrances that belong to the musk or wood family usually have more depth and intensity and so are guaranteed to last longer than floral, fruity, and citrus scents.
How the perfume is stored – perfumes like most products with expiry dates need to be stored properly. They need to be stored in cool dark places, away from areas with high temperatures and direct light source. The ideal place to keep perfume is the dresser in your bedroom or any other surface in the room that is away from direct light. Also, a perfume might lose some of its properties due to expiration. When this happens, it is safe to discard the perfume right away.
Humidity – humidity affects the longevity of a fragrance the same way temperature and weather conditions do. Like perfumes are kept far away from cold and direct light rays, they should also be kept away from humid corners in the home. Furthermore, heat can change the chemical composition of perfumes by steadily breaking down the ingredients it contains. This decreases the longevity and affects the overall shelf-life.
The ingredients it contains – the nature of ingredients a perfume contains and their quality also affects the fragrance’s staying power. Fake imitations of luxury and designer perfumes often exist side by side with the original ones out there and buying such fake perfumes might mean low quality fragrance value and shorter longevity.
Also, cheap and generic perfumes that contain sub-standard, compound fixatives, and synthetic raw materials and extracts might not offer that 100% performance you expect from them. So to make sure such this do not happen it is advised you:
Weather conditions/temperature – weather condition has a huge influence on how long a perfume stays after application. It is easier to say that the higher the temperature the less likely your perfume stays. Also, seasons affect the longevity of a fragrance with summer being the worst time to wear certain fragrances from different scent families.
During hot seasons and in humid regions people tend to sweat more and it is no kept secret that perfumes do not gel well with sweat or perspiration. Therefore, it is advised that you use fragrances with notes that recognize these weather conditions and adapt well to accommodate them. The right base notes should be heavy but not too heavy that it becomes overwhelming or nauseating.
The time of application – applying perfume at the wrong time can also be the reason for the lagging performance and why your fragrance does not last long enough after being applied. Typically, most people only spritz perfume on when they want to go out or when they change clothes.
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However, the best time to apply your fragrance is immediately after taking a shower. The wet state of the skin at this point ensures that your skin absorbs the fragrances, which in turn makes it last longer.
In addition, you need to make sure the other skin products you use align with your fragrance profile. For example, you can pair a citrus soap with a citrus fragrance, and a floral perfume with a floral soap, this will go a long way to accentuate the core fragrance.
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